Germ-counteracting compositions



Patented Feb. 2, 1954 UNIT-ED 'STA'FES: PATENT OFFICE Y acemes GERM-GOUNTERACTING; COMPOSITIONS- mm A. Vaichulis; Manteno, and Andrew 0. Ivy, -Ghicago, Ill.

No Drawing, Application May 21,- 1949,

' Serial No. 94,724

Our invention relates to: germscounteracting compositions, the term germ-counteracting compositions" being intended: to encompass compositio'nsihavi'ng one or moreoithe. following: effects: germicidal, bactericidal;v bacteriostatic, antiseptic, prophylactic andi like properties. The germcounteracting: compositions of our. invention have been foundzto be unusual-1y" effective: thetreatmerit; of. carriers of typhoid,.:salmonella, shigell'a, bmcella: and the treatment of infections attributablei in the'pneumococci; staphylococci and. streptococci.v

The: germ-counteracting compositions of our invention; comprise a mixture. of ingredients which, in: combination, exercise: an effect which is way predictable; from the: known properties:

of the individualingredients themselves. There is a true synergism-as pointed outrin: more detail" below.

' In accordance with the particularly preferred aspects ofourinvention, an antibiotic agent iscombined with a. bactericidal sulfonamide together with carina-mide (.4!-carbox yphenylmethanesulfonanilide-land/or sodium-benzoate, and with. ethyl alcohol, a non-toxic.- acid, and water to provide: a. solution within carefully controlled pH limits, as setiorth below.= Dextros andisod-ium chloride are: optional ingredientsbut are. particulac'ly desirably utilized. In those cases where the bactericidal: sulfonam-ide: is contra-indicated due to anallergy in. any particular patient being treated, said.- sulionamide may be. omitted. However, where: its'use is possible, it is particularly desirabletoemploy the: same-.- Other nutrients such asvitamins, minerals and; amino-acids may also, desired, be included. In. preparing thegerm-coimteracting-compositions, it is mostconvenient initially to form afsolu-tion: of all'ofthe aforementioned ingredients, exceptthe antibiotic agent, and then: add. theantibiotic agent. The aforesaid initially prepare solution exercises a synergisticv efifect upon'the antibiotic and potentiates or markedly enhances its normal germicidal activity over and.- abovethat which may be dueto the germicidal or like properties of the ingredients formingsaid initially prepared solution: It will be understood -of course, that any other orderof. mixing the ingredients may be utilized. without any way departing from the principlesof ouninvention.

Prior'toour invention, 'theaadministration of carinamid'e in coniunctionhwith penicillin and: sulionamides such: as sulfathiazole hasbeen sug'-' gested and we make no claim thereto. "Our invention, ratheifi. is. predicated-upon the diSCOVCIyza 14.0mm. (o1. 1'(i751.5)

2 of certain partieulartypesof germ-counteracting compositions, containing said ingredients and, in addition thereto; other cooperating agents, and: the, utility'of such compositions for the purposes 5 stated above.

The following examples are illustrative of germ-counteracting compositions made: in accordance with ourpresentinVentiOh. It will beunderstood that other compositions may be made wherein the proportions'are varied, other antibio-tic agents areutilized and other changes made. without departing from the guiding-principlesand teachingsdisclosed herein.

I5 Example 1 Penicillin L1inits;;:3;000;000- vCarinamide grams 24 Sulfamerazine do 1.2 7 Sulfadiazine do 2.4.

Sulfathiazole do 2.4; Ethyl alcohol; cc 1'00?v 5% dextrose-019% sodium" chloride solution liters I Hydrochloric acid (conc.) cc 413 Example 2 Penicillin (sodium: salt)- e units 10,000,000: Carinamide i, .ci, grams 23 9 Sulfamerazine do 12 Sulfadiazine do- 2.4 Sulfamethazine do 214 Ethyl alcohol cc 100- 5-% dextrose-0.9% sodium chloridesolution liters 2 Hydrochloricacid (cone) cc- 4.3

Example 3 Penicillin uni-ts 15,000,000

Carina-mide grams 2'4 SuLt-adiazine dO- 3 Sulfathiazole do 3- Ethyl alcohol. cc 1'00 5% dextrose-0 .9% sodium chloride solution liters 2 Hydrochloric acid (conc;) -i cc 4.3

Example 4 Penicillin units 5,000,000

sCarinamide grams 25 Sulfadiazine do 3' Sulfathi'azoledo 3 Ethylralcohol cc' Water liters 2' 3 Erample 5 Penicillin units 15,000,000 Carinamide grams 24 Sulfanilamide do 6 Ethyl alcohol cc 100 5% dextrose solution liters 2 Hydrochloric acid (conc.) cc L1 Example 6 Penicillin units 8,000,000 Sodium benzoate grams 20 Sulfadiazine do 2.4 Sulfamerazine l do 1.2 Sulfathiazole do 2.4 Ethyl alcohol cc 100 5% dextrose-0.9% sodium chloride solution "liters" 2 Hydrochloric acid (conc.) cc 4.1

Example 7 Penicillin units 3,000,000 Carinamide grams 24 Ethyl alcohol cc 100 5% dextrose-0.9% sodium chloride solution 1iters 2 Hydrochloric acid (conc.) cc 4.3

Example 8 Penicillin (sodium salt) units 10,000,000 Carinamide grams 23 Ethyl alcohol cc 100 5% dextrose-0.9% sodium chloride solution -i liters 2 Hydrochloric acid (conc.) cc 4.3

Example 9 I Penicillin units 15,000,000 Carinamide grams 20 Ethyl alcohol cc 200 5% dextrose-0.9% sodium chloride solution liters 2 Hydrochloric acid (conc.) cc 4.1

In place of penicillin, other antibiotic agents, whether derived from natural sources or synthetically prepared, may be utilized as, for example, the sodium and the potassium salts of penicillin, streptomycin, and aureomycin, and the like. Penicillin (and its salts) are, however, particularly satisfactory in the germ-counteracting compositions of our present invention. It will also be understood that mixtures of any two or more of said antibiotic agents may be utilized in varying proportions in relation to each other.

While any of the bacteriostatic or bactericidal sulfonamides (hereafter called bactericidal sulfonamides) may be employed as, for example, sulfanilamide, sulfathiazole, sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, sulfamethazine, we find it especially advantageous to utilize two or more thereof in the germ-counteracting compositions of our present invention, as is illustrated more particularly in the foregoing examples.

We find it particularly advantageous to use hydrochloric acid as the non-toxic acid ingredient but other nontoxic acids may be employed as, for example, acetic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid and the like.

While the proportions of the several ingredients are somewhat variable, good results are obtained, in general, when the germ-counteracting compositions contain said ingredients in the fol- 4 lowing ranges of proportions in relation to each other:

Antibiotic agent units l-l5,000,000 Carinamide and/or sodium benzoate grams 18-26 Bactericidal sulfonamide (where utilized) grams 4-8 Ethyl alcohol cc 8-120 Non-toxic acid To adjust to proper pH Dextrose (where utilized grams -120 Sodium c h l o r i d e (where utilized) grams 15-20 Amino acids, vitamins and minerals To suit daily dosage Water cc 1800-2200 We have previously pointed out that the pH of the germ-counteracting solutions of the present invention must be carefully controlled within certain limits. Where the compositions utilize penicillin as one of the ingredients, a pH, substantially in excess of 7 is destructive to the peni-' cillin and, therefore, the upper pH limit in such compositions as utilize penicillin should not be appreciably in excess of '7. On the other hand, in such compositions, if the pH is below approximately 6.5, precipitation of certain of the ingredients occurs. Accordingly, compositions of this type should be maintained within a pH of about 6.5 and about '7. In the case of germ-counteracting compositions in which antibiotic agents are employed other than penicillin, the upper.

pH limit will vary somewhat and will be deterat which the resulting alkalinity is destructive to the antibiotic agents. Still another controlling factor is, of course, themaintenance of a pH within the limits of tolerance by the patient. In general, if the pH of the germ-counteracting compositions is maintained within the range of about 6.5 to about 7, good results are obtained in the utilization of such compositions in accordance with the present invention.

The dosage of the germ-counteracting compositions of our invention is, of course, variable within limits. The several specific examples set forth above comprise amounts which have been effectively used as daily dosages. This amount may be slightly increased or slightly decreased, depending upon the particular condition of the patient and such other factors as may be regarded as significant by the physician in charge of any specific patient afilicted with any of the previously described diseases. The daily dosage is preferably administered over a period of 12 to 24 hours and such administration is done intravenously or intramuscularly, especially intravenously. Therapy with the germ-counteracting compositions of the present invention has been' definitely established as being bactericidal" in accordance with the U. S. Food and Drug Ad ministration Methods of Testing Antiseptics and Disinfectants, Circular No. 198. When blood sera from patients treated with the germ-' counteracting compositions of the present invention were tested, as outlined on page 14 of the aforementioned circular, on subculturing, the clear zones of inhibition (E. typhi or S. aureus) were sterile. The effectiveness of the germ-counteracting compositions of our inven tion in the treatment of typhoid, salmonella and the other diseases mentioned above has been demonstrated on numerous occasions through 1 actual tests.

While the invention has been described in deageeegm tail, no unnecessary'limitation's shouldbe read thereinto; the scope of the invention being set out in the claims. What-we claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. A germ counteraet-ing composition com-prising anaqueeus solution containing penicillin, 'at least one member selected from the group consisting of carinamide and sodium benzoate; a bactericidal sulfonamide, ethyl alcohol; and a non-toxic "acid, .said'solution'having a pH between about 6.5 and about 7.

2.-'A gem-counteracting composition" in accordance with claim 1, wherein the bactericidal sulfonamide comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of sulfamerazine, sulfadiazine, sulfathiazole and sulfamethazine.

3. A germ-counteracting composition comprising an aqueous solution containing the following ingredients, said solution having a pH falling within the range of 6.5 to about 7: penicillin, sodium benzoate, a bactericidal sulfonamide, ethyl alcohol, and hydrochloric acid.

4. A germ-counteracting composition comprising the following ingredients in substantially the following ranges of proportions in relation to each other:

Penicillin "units" 145,000,000 At least one member selected from the group consisting of carinamide and. sodium benzoate grams 18-26 Bactericidal sulfonamide do 4-8 Ethyl alcohol cc 80-120 Dextrose grams 80-120 Sodium chloride do -20 Non-toxic acid to bring pH Within limits of about 6.5 to about 7.

Water cc 1800-2200 5. A germ-counteracting composition comprising the following ingredients in substantially the following proportions in relation to each other:

Penicillin units 145,000,000 Sodium benzoate grams 24 Bactericidal sulfonamide do 6 Ethyl alcohol cc 100 Hydrochloric acid cc 4 Aqueous solution containing 5% dextrose and 0.9% sodium chloride a cc 2,000

6. A germ-counteracting composition comprising the following ingredients in substantially the following proportions in relation to each other:

Penicillin units 145,000,000 carinamide grams 24 Bactericidal sulfonamide do 6 Ethyl alcohol cc 100 Hydrochloric acid cc 4 Aqueous solution containing 5% dextrose and 0.9% sodium chloride cc 2,000

ing "ingredients, said solution having a pfl' falling within the range "of 0.51mabout 1:. penicillin, sodium-benzoate, a bactericidal sulfonamide. ethyl alcohol, dextrose, sodium chloride-and hydrochloric acid.

9, germ-counteracting composition comprising ,an aqueous solution containing penicillin, at least one member selected fromthe group consisting of carinamide andsodiumbenzoate; ethyl alcohol, and a non=toxieacidgsaid solution having. a pH between about 6.5- andabout 7-.

10. A germ-counteractingcomposition comprising an aqueous solution containing the followingingredients, said. solution having a pH falling within the range of 6.5 to about 7 penicillin, sodium benzoate, ethyl alcohol, and hydrochloric acid.

11. A germ-counteracting composition comprising the following ingredients in substantially the following ranges of proportions in relation to each other:

Penicillin units 145,000,000 At least one member selected from the group consisting of carinamide and sodium benzoate grams 18-26 Ethyl alcohol cc -120 Dextrose grams 80-120 Sodium chloride do 15-20 Non-toxic acid to bring pH within limits of about 6.5 to about '7.

Water cc 1800-2200 12 A germ-counteracting composition comprising the following ingredients in substantially the following proportions in relation to each other:

Penicillin units" 145,000,000 C'arinamide grams 24 Ethyl alcohol cc Hydrochlorc acid cc 4 Aqueous solution containing 5% dextrose and 0.9% sodium chloride cc 2,000

At least one member selected from the group consisting of carinamide and sodium benzoate grams 18-26 Bactericidal sulfonamide do 4-8 Ethyl alcohol cc 80-120 Dextrose grams 80-120 Sodium chloride do 15-20 Non-toxic acid to bring pH within limits of about 6.5 to about '7.

Water cc 1800-2200 JOHN A. VAICHULIS.

ANDREW C. IVY.

(References on following page) 7 References- Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,118,460 Currie 1 May 24, 1938 2,190,741!) Wome Feb. 20, 1 940 2,984,174; Lehr" Oct/11, 1949 2,484,175 L'ehr Oct. 11, 15:49 2,531,367 'Sprague Nov. 21,1950

, OTHER REFERENCES "Zinssers Textbook of 'Baeterio1ogy."- Ninth edition, 1948, Appleton-century-Crofts, New York, page'88p 9 Rothman, 1rineiples of Percutaneous- 1b= 8 sorption." -J. Lab. and C1inica1MecL, volume 28, 1943, pages 1305-1321, page 1309 considered especially pertinent.

,J. A. M. A., November20, 1948, pages 874 to 5 877. V

.J;. A., M. A.,August 12, 1944, page'1003. J. A. M. .11., November 4, 1944, page 666. Science, January 24, 1947, pages 94 and 95.

Pros. Soc. Exptl. B101, and Med., December 10 1947, page 551. p

Journal Bacteriology, January 1945, pages .85 to 95. a.

Brit. Med.-J., January 12, 1946, pages 47 to 50. 

1. A GERM-COUNTERACTING COMPOSITION COMPRISING AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION CONTAINING PENICILLIN, AT LEAST ONE MEMBER SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF CARINAMIDE AND SODIUM BENZOATE; A BACTERICAL SULFONAMIDE, ETHYL ALCOHOL, AND A NON-TOXIC ACID, SAID SOLUTION HAVING A PH BETWEEN ABOUT 6.5 AND ABOUT
 7. 